Throughout history, Eurasian brown bears (Ursus a. arctos) have been common to a much larger territory in Europe than it is today. However, unregulated hunting, rapidly expanding agriculture and overexploitation drove the brown bear to become rare or extinct by the end of 19th - the start of 20th century in most of the European countries, including Germany, Switzerland and France. Luckily, in the 20th century, introduced brown bear preservation programs and management projects stabilised the declining numbers, and it is successfully increasing to this day.